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V.R. Dhut, K.Y. Desai, K.N. Sheth
Machine foundation is a requisite part of any industry; costs less as compared to the cost of machine and losses caused due to its failure can cause a big loss to any industry. A machine foundation needs to be designed carefully as static as well as dynamic loads are acting on it due to working of machine. The machine weighs several tons and is required to design the foundations having dimensions of several meters but amplitudes restricted to only a few microns. In addition, natural frequency of the machine foundation is depends on the soil lying below the foundation. This necessitated a deeper scientific investigation of dynamic loading and analysis. Elastic Half Space Method (Recommended by ACI 351.3R-04 - “Foundation for Dynamic Equipment”) proposed by Whitman and Richart gives thus necessary importance to damping and embedment depth effect. Finite Element (FE) is the most commonly accepted analysis tool for solution of engineering problems. Effective Pre & Post-processing capabilities make modeling and interpretation of results simple. It is relatively easy to incorporate changes if any and re-do the analysis without much loss of time. STAAD Pro V8i is chosen for this Literature for analysis of Machine Foundation by Finite Element Method. In this literature three different machines of 150 rpm, 250 rpm, and 450 rpm are taken into account and six different soil types: Medium Clay, Stiff Clay, Hard Clay, Loose Sand, Medium Sand and Dense Sand are considered. Foundation sizes are optimized according to soil cases and each case is analyzed using classical method and FEM for 0.8, 1 and 1.2 times the soil parameters to cover the confidence range. Codal Criteria are taken as per IS:2974-1982.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-5-16
Neha Patel, Komal Parikh, Bhagyesh Patel Bridge Information Modeling and AR using Terrestrial Laser Scanner
There are many incidents where bridges collapse before its life span is over or just after it is built or even during construction, so all this calls for its routine inspection and methods to do it as efficiently as possible. One of the methods to do an inspection is using a terrestrial laser scanner. This paper mainly focuses on studying the methodology for inspecting the bridges using a terrestrial laser scanner and Augmented Reality technology. In this paper, Laser scanning data was used to prepare Bridge Information Model and that model was further processed in Unity to create an Augmented Reality model. All this requires various data processing and post-processing. With the help of this model, one can do bridge inspection at the comfort of the office and reaching those inaccessible areas which are not possible to reach with traditional methods. This paper focuses on finding a different method or approach to do Bridge Information Modeling and get data of bridges for maintenance purposes. Visual inspection was carried out from the model without going to the site.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-17-23
Dr. Udesang K Jaliya, Manisha H. Devnani Hand Gesture Recognition using Morphological Operation
A nonverbal communication involves movements of different body parts to communicate a particular message. Hand, face and lips movements or other movement of body parts are regarded as gestures. In this paper I have proposed a method based on hand gesture recognition to recognize the different gestures used by deaf people to communicate using morphological operation. This will help to communicate between deaf and dumb people and normal public. In earlier systems the use of colour markers and gloves for gesture recognition has been used but it resulted in delay in processing time and sometimes inconvenient for the user.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-24-29
Milan P. Kacha, Ankit H. Patel, Pinakin Patel, Dr. L.B. Zala Effect Of Traffic Composition On Stream Equivalency Factor
India having different categories of highways with various categories of vehicles. The geometric plan of highways and the number of lanes in highways are affected by the various vehicle operations on 2-lane, 4-lane, 6-lane highways. Different characteristics of vehicles moving on the various categories of roads are the characteristic of vehicles, the size of vehicles, weight of vehicles, maximum turning radius of vehicles, speed of various categories of vehicles on the road, acceleration of vehicles, braking, and horsepower of the engine of vehicles are different from vehicles to vehicles on the road. The aim of this study is the estimation of stream equivalency factor (K) for 2-lane, 4-lane, 6-lane roads. The Passenger Car Unit (PCU) values determine with the help of the equation of INDO-HCM 2017 and IRC 106. In this study, 6 different sites of the Gujarat region of India are selected for the study of stream equivalency factor (K). Traffic volume and speed of various categories of vehicles at 5 min interval data are used for calculation of (K) values. In this study, dynamic PCU values are calculated from data, and estimation of stream equivalency factor values. Stream equivalency factor values vary from various categories of roads according to several lanes under mixed traffic conditions. Stream equivalency factor equation have R2 for 2-lane, 4-lane, 6-lane roads are 0.9966, 0.8111 & 0.8023 respectively.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-30-36
Ankit H. Patel, Milan P. Kacha Pinakin Patel, Dr. L.B. Zala Speed Estimation Model of Vehicle at Horizontal Curves on Two-lane Highway
In this study, 85th and 98th percentile speed estimation models of vehicle on two-lane rural highways were developed using a statistical technique of multiple regression. Models were developed using spot speed data obtained from five sites out of total eight and data of three remaining sites were taken into account for validation. Speed of vehicle at 50m initial to point of curvature, point of curvature, middle of the curve along with Geometric aspects of Horizontal curve and section adjacent to tangent were considered as independent variables. Car and SUVs speed for the 85th and 98th percentile was found to be parallel, so united for further analysis. Vehicle speed at middle of the curvature was found to be dependent on its speed at previous segment and geometric features predicted previously. Speed estimation of car and two-wheeler at middle of the curve was found to be strongly corelated with curve length and deflection angle. Gradient at particular locations was resulted to be a most affecting parameter for 85th percentile speed of HCV and LCV. The 98th percentile speed at middle of the curve were found in strong correlation with speed at 85th percentile speed. Root mean square errors were calculated to be within range of 2 to 8 km/h. study concluded that length of curve could be a very significant factor in the practice of highway geometric design.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-37-45
Arvind Kumar, Preeti Sharma, Mahendra Bhadu, Hukam Chand Kumawat, S. K. Bishnoi, K.G. Sharma Performance Analysis of Multi-Band PSS in Modern Load Frequency Control Systems
The large-scale power systems are subjected to continuous disturbance due to the existence of sudden load perturbations, parameter uncertainties, basic variation etc. The Load Frequency Control (LFC) is a part of the power system stability for controlling power interchange and frequency deviation. In this paper, the LFC problem is analyzed with various types of Power System Stabilizers (PSSs) like PSS2B, PSS3B and PSS4B, to overcome the effect of load disturbance. Performance of PSSs, with and without notch filter, is examined. Further, the PSSs are designed to operate in both continuous and discrete mode for the given test LFC system. The continuous mode PSS4B having notch filter connected in cascaded, gives better time domain response among other types of PSSs. The proposed approach is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment for a five-area test power system consisting of five generating units having a non-reheated turbine, to highlight the efficacy in terms of robustness
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-46-57
Vijaykumar Dhumale, Anil Vaidya Vijay Mohale Distance Relay Performance During Single-Pole Tripping and Power Swing Condition
Power swing enters the power system network due to various disturbances such as fault, application and removal of large load, loss of generation and switching of a transmission line etc. Generally, it is assumed that power swing is the symmetrical phenomenon which imposes an identical effect on three-phase currents and voltages of a power system. Therefore most of the literature surveys are carried out to study the symmetrical power swing and its impact on the performance of distance relay. Nonetheless, there is another type of power swing which is asymmetrical in nature. It enters into the power system when single-pole tripping is performed in a long transmission line which is heavily loaded. The consequence of this type of power swing on distance protection is widely studied in this paper. The undesired operation of distance relay owing to the existence of zero sequence current under asymmetrical power swing is restrained by using a proposed earth fault detection algorithm. The proposed algorithm and effect of single-pole tripping on distance relay is analyzed using the two test systems.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-58-69
Vatsal Shah, Prof. G.B. Rathod, Neel Macwan Review Paper on Cancer Cell Detection using Mathematical Algorithm
Digital Signal Processing (DSP) plays an important role in the study of genes and genomics in today’s time. DSP is applied to the DNA sequences and then by applying the various DSP algorithms like DFT, (Discrete Fourier Transform), DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform). We can predict the coding region of DNA and also find out abnormality present in the coding region. This algorithm is used to find out the cancer cells. As cancer is caused due to some mutation or abnormalities present in the DNA. So this algorithm is tested in on the several cancer gene databases and normal gene databases present in the Gene bank and NCBI website that provides satisfactory results.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-70-75
Arvind Kumar, Preeti Sharma, Mahendra Bhadu, Hukam Chand Kumawat, Kusum Verma
Robust control techniques are presented here for performance analysis of load frequency control in a five area interconnected power systems considering the impact of time delay and noise. The different controllers investigated in this paper are, fuzzy logic controller, station-to-grid supplementary controller and linear quadratic gaussian controller. The robust controllers are design to palliate the time delay response by using pade approximations and mitigate the measurement noise effects. Intelligent and supplementary controllers can perform better than the conventional controllers, proportional integral controller. When the impact of time delay is considered in area control error signal, fuzzy logic controller gives better dynamic response. When both time delay and noise are considered in area control error signal of system, LQG controller gives better dynamic performance.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-76-89
S. R. Shiledar, G. M. Malwatkar, I. S. Jadhav, G. V. Lakhekar Design of Discrete Sliding Mode Controller for Higher Order System
This paper presents a discrete sliding mode controller for higher order systems without using model order reduction techniques for single input single output systems. The proposed controller is designed with discrete form of PID as a sliding surface. To find the PID sliding surface controller tuning parameters, the traditional method of PID design or pole placement method can be used. The designed controller has flexibility in terms of range of the parameters to decide the stability and robustness of the closed loop performance and existence in terms of Lyapunov function and/or stability. Generally it is difficult to design proper controller due to inaccurate identified model of system or its parameters and external unmesaurable disturbance. The proposed controller has a simple and flexible structure having a set of tuning equations as a function of the desired performance of the systems. The discrete form of sliding surface and system states provide highly useful information to control necessary parameters of the interest for many higher or lower order systems. The systems available in real time or plant model identified by different method in the context of design of the controllers results in higher order; therefore it is necessary to direct the automation applications of systems towards higher order systems. In this paper, the examples are simulated using Mathwork’s MATLAB to show and compare results proposed law with prevalent available controllers.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-90-97
Deepti Mokati, V.H. Badshah and Nirmala Gupta
In the paper , we propose a vaccine-dependent mathematical model for the treatment of diseases at the population level. Determine equilibrium points : disease-free and endemic and basic reproduction number R0 .We formulate theorems on stability and establish the proof of the theorems by Ruth-Hurwitz criteria. In addition, numerical simulations of the model is carried out to show the efficacy of the vaccine . Moreover, graphically it is clearly seen the effectiveness of vaccine for SIR epidemic model with vaccination and without vaccination.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-98-110
Pratiksha Ashitkumar Dhabuwala, Dr. J. R. Pitroda Recruitment, Selection And Training Of Human Resource In Construction: A Review
Recruitment and evaluation are one of the tasks that has a significant effect on the organization’s success to accomplish its purpose as part of human resources management. The aim of this analysis is to define employee recruiting and selection in the construction industry. The research centered on the analysis, identification and conclusion of current recruiting, selection and training practices implemented by building firms. In comparison, having a career was boring and frustrating early, but it became simple, fascinating and rewarding as technology progressed. The planet has now undergone a radical change in recruiting from newspaper and radio advertising to internet job platforms and media networks. Through the increase in technologies, recruiting is encouraged and strengthened. Because of technical advancements, recruitment has made it simple, cost effective and responsive for a variety of resources, websites and portals to expand. The organization will then implement the latest innovative techniques and methods and introduce technology and enhance the efficiency of its internal recruiting and selection method as preparation program in order to ensure positions are met as quickly as possible as cost-effectively as possible.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-111-120
Chirag Sumantbhai Patel, Dr. J. R. Pitroda Quality Management System In Construction: A Review
Generally, the quality management system is designed to ensure that the organizations make adequate effort to achieve the level of quality required by the customer. Achieving these quality levels will contribute to greater customer satisfaction, which is crucial to maintaining long-term success for construction firms. ISO 9001 Quality Management System is one of the ISO 9000 standards set that includes a collection of instructions on how to set up a quality management system for processes that impact their goods or services. Despite reports that construction organizations enjoyed the great benefits of being an ISO 9000 certification are literally proven, the main goal of Quality management system implementation, namely achieving customer satisfaction in project management, is still broad. Enhanced management & work efficiency of the organization as the most important benefit from system implementation while the most significant issue is lack of knowledge of the system among the employees. To solve these implementation challenges, preparation and audit (internal and external) need to be improved.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-121-131
Jyotin Shaileshbhai Rana Risk Analysis and Mitigation Technique in Indian Transportation Industries: A Review
During the past decade, risk management has been implying into a parent business practice in government and industry. The objective of risk mitigation in the transport industry has been to strength increases and intensity. Hazardous material shipments are involved, this leads to prevention tearing down and minimizing the consequences when a release develops. Managing the transport network along with the management of the business, the creation of programs, and the implementation of projects is extremely complex and fraught with doubt. Administrators, planners, and engineers collaborate as well as provide technical support to improve the quality of the transit system. The approach to transportation risk management assumed that when man-made disasters occurred, they were accidental in nature and not due to spiteful intent. Risk management in the construction industry is not at all and simple process. Because risk creates different problems in cost, quality and time. If risks are not managed properly, order of works will get influenced in construction sites. There are six types of risks, their causes and serious issues faced by Contractors, Project managers and engineers. Therefore, questionnaire has been prepared to find out the root causes of risks and its origin. Here I shared some reviews and some ideas to reduce the risks. Thus, risks are determined, quantified, and suggestions have been given to reduce or control the risks.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-132-142
Khilan Pandya and Dr. Bhargav C. Goradiya Audio Assisted Electronic Glasses for Blind & Visually Impaired People using Deep Learning
Encroachment of technology has replaced individuals in almost every field with machines. By introducing machines, automation system has reduced human workload, with specially focused on visually impaired person or completely blind person find difficulties in reading a printing or handwritten text from real world or distinguishing people in front of them. So, they cannot perform particular tasks without someone’s assistance or help. Hence looking at this challenge, it is necessary to make the reading device for blind people which is capable of recognizing text, human objects and, differentiate the bank currencies across the world. Obviously, Output will be in the form of audio, which will help the blind user to read the texture like a normal person. To overcome this difficulty for the visually weakened group, this paper presents a device which will help blind people for giving them guidance efficiently and safely to read book, recognize faces of their near and dear ones as well recognize different bank currencies. In this paper, we propose a deep neural network algorithm like CNN integrating with OCR model achieves a recognition accuracy of 95% for human detection and 90% for disgusting bank currencies.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-143-151
Umesh Ishvarbhai Patel, Dr. J. R. Pitroda Risk Analysis and Mitigation Techniques in High Rise Buildings: A Review
Risk is an integral aspect of any significant project. Risk is present in every project, whatever its size or industry. No project is entirely risk-free. If threats are not adequately assessed and plans for coping with them are not established, the project will likely lead to failures. One of the greatest building projects which Plays an important part in growth of the country. It is projected that the high- rise (or) multi-story buildings are the most significant part of the architecture for the greater development. The greater part of the building goes up to high towers. Therefore, the risk involved in this section of the construction industry also scores lower. Risks in building projects are considered one of the most common problems with a range of negative effects on building projects. And when the triggers are known can the risks of the building be significantly reduced. This work aimed to analyses the risk evaluation when constructing high-rise buildings.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-152-164
Rahul Nitinbhai Bhadeshiya, Dr. J. R. Pitroda Construction Finance and Accounting: A Review
Finance is one of the major part of construction industry. Because without finance on project cannot be start. It is also essential that from where the finance come from and how to manage the available finance and have a track on it. To track them cash flow is used and to manage accounting is foremost. In which earned value and break-even point is comes handy. Earned-value analysis helps to identify the project status depending on the cost and schedule variance and performance index. Delays in construction projects are a common phenomenon and a costly issue. The underlying triggers and discusses effective preventive measures for disruptions in the financial phase. Four main reasons have been identified: late payment, weak cash flow control, insufficient financial capital, and financial market volatility. In which weak cash flow control is the most important factor contributing to a pause in the project, accompanied by late payment, scarce financial capital, and financial sector volatility.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-165-179
Sushant Waghmare,4 Dr. A. D. Katdare, Dr. N. K. Patil
Tremendous amount of CO2 emission is carried out due numerous human events. It is projected that construction sector is alone accountable for release of nearly 50% of Greenhouse gases. Cement production itself produces about 7% Carbon Dioxide. Zeolite is one of the few Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM’s) which can be used as a partial substitution of Cement in concrete without hampering the properties of Concrete. One of the major benefits of blending zeolite in Concrete is its tendency to adsorb CO2. This study tries to blend Natural Zeolite in Concrete and to be used in rigid pavement which was not tried earlier. In this study, Neural Network tool of MATLAB is used to predict the mechanical properties (Compressive Strength and Split Tensile Strength) of Zeolite Blended concrete and to validate the results with the actual test results. Economic Analysis of Rigid Pavement blended with zeolite is also carried out to compute the effect of this blending on the economy of pavement.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-180-186
Khushali Desai, Dr. Rutvik Sheth, Keyur Patel Performance Evaluation Using Fragility Analysis Of Rc Frame - Wall Structures
A frame-wall structure provides resistance to lateral loading by a combination of shear walls and rigid frames. Due to the difficulties in predicting earthquakes and its random nature, probabilistic analysis is proposed in analyzing structural seismic responses. Fragility curve represents a continuous relationship between a seismic intensity measure and the probability that the structure will reach or exceed a predefined damage state. The fragility analysis is carried out using lognormal distribution of clouds of responses obtained using Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA). In the present paper, 15, 18, 22 and 26 storeys RC moment resisting frame-wall structure are analysed for seismic zone IV. The structures are assumed to be resting on hard soil and are analysed using ETABS-2016 and designed as per IS code provisions. Geometrical configuration of the structure is considered as per IS 16700:2017. The performance evaluation of above frames is done using SeismoStruct software for set of 11 recorded ground motions of past Indian earthquake varying in range of magnitude from 5.6 to 7.8. For this study, limit states Immediate Occupancy (IO), Life Safety (LS) and Collapse Prevention (CP) are considered as the performance criteria referred from FEMA 356. From the fragility curves, it is observed that there is negligible probability of collapse for spectral acceleration corresponding to Design Basis Earthquake. Also, probability of exceedance increases as the number of storey increases at given level of spectral acceleration. This is due to reduction in median collapse capacity of building.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-187-195
Aanal Desai, Dr. L. B. Zala, Amit A. Amin Comparison Of Crash Prediction Models Using Mlr And Ann
Recently, in crash analysis statistical tools greatly helped in predicting future consequences based on recent data by studying the influence factors in the form of independent variables which can have significant consequences on the dependent variable. Hence, the forecasting of crash prediction models has to be developed. In this study, the stretch of National Expressway-1 has been selected from Ahmedabad to Vadodara because around 1058 crashes and 50 deaths occurred every year. Traffic volume, Speed, and Road characteristics were used to develop the models. Two approaches were chosen for the prediction model namely, the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model. Both methods are used to determine the relationship between the influencing factors of crashes and the frequency of crash occurrence, compared and discovered that the ANN model gives much better results for the prediction of road crash than the MLR model in this study.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-196-205
Rajnikant Rathod, M. S. Holia Analytical Studies Relating to Bandwidth Extension from Wideband to Super wideband for Next Generation Wireless Communication
In a recent scenario of advancement in the upcoming next-generation system reconstructed speech(voice) signal by the side of the receiver side found stiffened, barely audible, and slim because of limited bandwidth of 300-3.4 kHz. To get back the genuineness of speech(voice) signal, narrow band speech encoders must be upgraded to wide band encoders supporting 50-kHz bandwidth. The extensive period has been left for advancement from N.B. to fully W.B.'s well-suited systems. The terminal and network must be altered to make the N.B. system compatible with the W.B. system. During that span novel technique has been urbanized to widen the N.B. bandwidth of speech (voice) signal at handset end (receiver) for humanizing final speech quality. The technique of attaining the original W.B. signal from a band-limited N.B. speech(voice) signal without actually transmitting the W.B. signal is called bandwidth extension. The same concept applies to attain super wideband from the W.B. signal. B.W.E. based on sinusoidal transform coding, linear prediction, non-linear device is giving good results compared to spectral folding/spectral translation approaches employed by various researchers. In the modern scenario of advancement in technology, various coding algorithms have been urbanized for S.W.B. and F.B. to obtain the full benefit of advancement in available telecommunications bandwidth, predominantly for the internet. In the proposed method based on source filter model fundamental thought adopted for the B.W.E. are the separate extension of the spectral envelope and the residual signal. Each part is processed separately through different speech enrichment procedure to get the highband component and added to the resampled and delayed version of the signal to acquire the final extended output which is compared through intelligibly (subjective) and quality (objective) perspective and results are compared with baseline algorithm and next-generation super wide band coder algorithms to prove that obtained results are comparable with both algorithms. Algebraic evaluation for getting missing high band components from the original W.B. signal is not needed and method tremendously well-organized and commence only minor time interval or delay.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-206-222
Dhruv Patel, Prof.Mayur Sevak, Parikshit Mishra, Vatsal Shah Survey on various ECG Segmentation Techniques
Heart is the most important organ of the human body. The heart pumps the blood throughout the body so it is necessary to track heart activity. An electrocardiograph is a technique to measure heart activity. In thistechnique, the electrode is attached on the surface of the body, and by recording those signals doctor diagnosis that symptoms of the person are normal or abnormal. ECG segmentation is one of the most important methods for the analysis of processing of ECG signals that comprises compression tasks, filtration, heart rate variability studies (HRV), and beats classification or grouping. In this study, we have surveyed various ECG segmentation techniques perform by various eminent authors working in this field. The purpose of this article is to provide an insight view of the algorithms and techniques utilized by these authors which can be helpful for the neophytes in this field.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-223-232
Ghanshayamkumar.B. Rathod, Vatsal Shah, Neel Macwan, Sakhiya Deep Jiteshkumar, Navadiya Harshkumar Ashvinbhai
Cancer comprises a group of diseases that causes abnormal cell growth in the human body. Lakhs of people suffer from these diseases and ultimately they died due to cancer. So it is necessary to detect these diseases in an early stage. Genomics Signal Processing deals with advance research in genetics. So by applying various GSP techniques, it becomes easier to predict one of the most dangerous diseases Cancer. In this paper, we have represented the binary mapping of the raw genomic data to convert into digital data and on applying the Fast Fourier algorithm as well as the Discrete Wavelet Transform in our algorithm to predict uncertainty that is present in the coding region of DNA of the gene of Cancer cell. The purpose of this research is to provide an accurate prediction of cancer to the cancer researcher’s so that the life efficiency of any cancer patient increases. We have implemented the algorithm on Matlab 2015a which consist of signal processing kit. The proposed algorithm is applying on several DNA sequences present in normal genes as well as cancer genes of Homosapiens chromosomes which is available on the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-233-242
Arkesha Shah Sentiment Analysis Of Product Reviews Using Supervised Learning
Today, Online Reviews are global communications among consumers and E-commerce businesses. When Somebody wants to make a purchase online, they read the reviews and comments that many people have written about the product. Only after customers decide whether to buy the product or not. Based on that, the Success of any Products directly depends on its Customer. Customer Likes Products It’s Success. if not, then Company needs to improve it by making some changes in it. For that, the need is to analyze the customers' written reviews and find the sentiment from that. the task of Classifying the comments and the reviews in positive or negative is known as sentiment analysis.in this paper, A Standard dataset reviews have been classified into positive and negative sentiments using Sentiment Analysis. For that different Machine Learning and Deep Learning Technique is used and also Compared the performance of word2vec-CNN Model with FastText-CNN Model on amazon unlocked mobile phone Dataset.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-243-253
Nirajkumar Suneja Prof. Jagruti P. Shah Dr. Zankhana H. Shah Dr. Mehfuza S. Holia A Neural Network Approach to Design Reality Oriented Cost Estimate Model for Infrastructure Projects
Great infrastructure projects are flagrant for costing more than in the beginning intended. Road project cost overrun (under estimation) and cost revision is common major problems reported by MoSPI (Ministry of Statistics and Programme) 20% cost overrun in India. It is difficult to maintain infrastructure progress within cost, time and quality because of their unpredictability, enormous scope, long length, high speculation and longitudinal site condition. Framework Estimate engineers need to create cost estimation before time on in development to determine its practicability safe and sound financial support, meet up superiority standards and worth for money. this research focus on cost of road infrastructure projects in early stage before construction. Various literatures government report, private companies report Cost estimate guides is studied and it’s study gives the idea of current cost estimation methods and causes of cost overrun in projects. Be that as it may the prior on in project’s life cycle, the less is known around the particular points of interest of what really has to be built and a site’s interesting characteristics and how they will influence, Research gives effort on the identifying proper attributes or factors that are readily available at an early stage for fast, easy and accurate detailed cost estimate from the past related research work. Different organizations have plenty of historical project information and lots of don’t have the tool the other way around, very fewer resources to estimate compare to traditional methods. Machine learning (ML) cost estimation model advance uses algorithms to discover relationship between diverse variables of project and their cost and developed model.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-254-263
Ritika Kashyap, Jagruti Shah
The Infrastructure sector contributes about 5% of GDP to the Indian economy and is highly responsible for the development of the country. As per the planning commission infrastructure investments are estimated to touch 8% GDP. Almost 37% of the investment in infrastructure came from the private sector. As per the census 2011, India’s current population is 130 crore and 31% of the population is residing in urban areas. India stands at 58th rank out of 80 countries in the Quality of life Index 2020, which is based on various indicators like literacy rate, life expectancy rate, etc. To achieve a better quality of life and livelihood, more people are migrating from rural areas to urban areas, which is leading to urbanization. For accommodating this huge population in the cities, the government of India has initiated the Smart City Program. Under this program, 100 cities in India have been selected. A total of 6 cities of Gujarat is nominated for the same, amongst which Vadodara is one of them. This study comprises evaluating the best indicator suitable for the development of smart city- Vadodara and also providing the suitable recommendations for that indicator.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-264-275
Hariketan Patel, Jigneshkumar Patel, Bharat Gajera, Hiteshkumar Rana
A grey relational analysis is a novel decision-making technique for forecast, developing relational analysis in numerous areas of manufacturing or production processes in industry. In this research paper, the objective is to optimize the drilling process input parameters considering assigned weight fraction of output quality characteristics using grey relational analysis in drilling of Glass fiber/ EPE foam sandwich composite. The output quality characteristics considered are thrust force, torque and delamination under the experimental domain of spindle speed, feed and drill diameter. The drilling experiments were designed as per Taguchi design of experiments using L25 orthogonal array. The best possible input process parameters which give minimum thrust force, torque and delamination factor have been established by the combined methodology of orthogonal array design of experiments ANOVA and grey relational analysis. The results indicate that most significant factor is drill diameter followed by feed and spindle speed respectively. The experimental results have shown that with the help of grey relational analysis, output quality characteristics can be enhanced efficiently.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-276-286
Robinson P. Paul, Vishvjit K. Thakar, Hetal Patel Chi-square statistics based State estimation of Stochastic Hybrid system with missing measurements
The objective of this paper is to estimate the successful state of Stochastic Hybrid Dynamical Systems (SHS) having a continuous and discrete dynamic state with lossy measurements without expanding the computational multifaceted nature of the calculation. Existing strategies for state estimation furnishes state estimation with computational multifaceted nature and time. Kalman and Particle Filter are the fundamental algorithms for state estimation of any Linear and Non-linear SHS. The measurements got by the sensors or any modules have limitation to provide accurate data. State estimation of any system with lossy data prone to inaccurate state estimation. In this paper, the Chi-square Statistics –Data Loss Detection (CS-DLD) algorithm based on Kalman Filter is proposed for of Stochastic Hybrid Dynamical Systems which detect the data loss and reconfigure the measurement for effective state estimation. The performance of the algorithm is checked by Linear Stochastics Hybrid System model of Aerial vehicle.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-287-294
Suresh Mohanlal Damodariya, Chetan Ramanlal Patel
Indian National highway network consists of only 2% of the whole road network, but it still carries 40% of the traffic, which might be causing road accidents on National Highways. Even newly constructed National highways getting tolls for their use are also suffering from accident occurrence on them. One such stretch, originating from Godhra and ending in Gujarat- MP border (length 91.91 km), is also suffering from an increase in accidents over the years. This road is connecting Gujarat state with two adjoining states named Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. Due to high access density, conflict points have increased on this highway and subsequently cause accidents. It is necessary to find black spots for such roads through available accident records. In India, the accident data is being recorded by the concerned Police station through First Inspection Reports (FIRs), wherein very minimal details are collected. For identification of Black spots, it is necessary to locate the place where accidents took place. So, before collecting the Accident FIR data from the police station, a field videographic survey of the stretch in both directions was conducted, and all-important locations like median breaks, access points, petrol pumps, restaurants, village access roads, etc. have been noted according to project chainage for determining the exact location of the Accident. The accident records for the toll road were used to convert the accident locations into proper chainage locations using field book data of the videographic road survey. After deciding the chainage of each accident location, the accident data was entered in excel sheets and arranged chainagewise. Black spots were identified according to the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) criteria. There were sixteen black spots identified on this stretch from the study.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-295-303
Vivek V. Mane, Dr.Nandkumar K. Patil
It is well known that there are four structural actions like axial force, shear, bending and torsion are developed with respect to their nature of loading on the structure. Torsion is always considered as a secondary effect up to 1960’s. After that we proceed from working stress method to limit state method and shall go to ultimate load one to reduce the factor of safety. Also the novel structures are designed by Architects, designers having attractive overhanging components prone to torsion effect in the structures. Concrete is probably the most used man made construction material in the world. Concrete is homogenous in nature and strong to resist compression but posses Quassi brittleness in tensile strength such deficiency can overcome by introduction of fibers in the body of concrete. Since from last three decades a lot of research has been done on fiber reinforced concrete subjected to pure torsion but if fibers proportion is more, then difficulties in proper concreting get increased and chances of producing balling effect of fibers which affects the homogeneity of concrete. In other hand the considerable studies laid on FRP techniques by using Glass fibers, Carbon fibers and recently ferrocement jacking utilized for strengthen the existing structures subjected to predominant torsion effect. Although such techniques are very effective for existing structures but requires more additional cost for FRP materials with adhesive and also tend to fire except ferrocement jacketing. But such FRP techniques not overcome the inherent weakness of concrete. However there is also way to utilization of encased Welded Wire mesh in the concrete due to its high tensile strength and can produced the micro cracks behaviour like fiber reinforced concrete for proposed new construction. Here is an attempt to study the behaviour of encased Welded Wire mesh in the concrete subjected to pure torsion.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-304-317
Priyanshu Rani Rajkumar, Ajani Chandani, Jahnavi Deshmukh, Shahid Modasiya A Surface Edge Cutout Microstrip Patch Antenna For 5G applications
With internet revolutionizing communication, to the extent that it has become a preferred medium of communication. With these huge demand for high speed cost effective networks so in order to meet these requirements 5th generation networks is required. The primary technologies include: Millimeter bands(26,28,38 and 60GHz) are 5G and offer performance as 20 gigabits per second; Massive MIMO offers performance up to ten times of current 4G networks. In this paper, we have proposed a novel surface edge cutout single patch Micro strip antenna with high gain. The antenna is fabricated on FR4 Epoxy substrate with relative permittivity 4.4 and dielectric loss tangent 0.02. The proposed antenna has compact structure of 28.9mmx28.9mmx1.6mm.The antenna resonates at 5GHz. The proposed antenna has surface edge cutout design which results in high gain and good bandwidth better radiation patters. The formulation is validated by simulation in finite element method- based software, ANSYS HFSS.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-318-324
Smit Shah, Akhilesh Sidapara, Kalpesh Parikh, Puran Gajera, Dr. Vinod Gupta Consequence of Source Ripple Factor in Conducted Voltage Emission Measurement
Huge dv/dt and di/dt due to high switching frequency and ripples present in AC-DC converter infallibly introduce unwanted Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) noise voltage through parasitic/distributed parameters of the DC source. In this paper, the entire test setup for conducted emission (CE) is made to measure the conducted voltage disturbance of Equipment Under Test (EUT) due to various DC sources with different percentage ripple factors used to supply. The measurement carried out in the frequency band 150kHz to 30MHz as per CISPR 11 [2]/ CISPR 22 [1]. The dominated DC source responsible for the significant conducted voltage disturbance measurement results are analyzed and to mitigate the conducted emission manoeuvring based on DC source is proposed. Practical measurement are used to validate the mitigation method.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-325-335
Endalew Ayenew, Santoshkumar Hampannavar Wind Speed Potential Assessment Of Selected Climatic Zones Of Ethiopia
In this paper the wind speed potential assessment of different climatic zones of Ethiopia are proposed. Statistical analysis of wind speed were carried out using Rayleigh and Weibull probability density functions (PDF) for a specific location. Real time Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) data was used for the wind speed potential assessment of three different climatic zones and to plot wind rose diagram.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-336-343
Makarand Patil, Balwant Bhasme
A Heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer heat from one fluid to another fluid through direct or indirect contact. In this paper, the double pipe helical coil heat exchanger is studied numerically under four conditions at outer wall of heat exchanger which are: constant heat flux, constant wall temperature, insulated, and having heat transfer coefficient of 4000 W/m2K for square and circular shape of tubes. The inner diameter of the inner tube is kept 8mm with the thickness of the inner tube is 0.5 mm. The outer tube inner diameter is 17mm.The inverse of the curvature ratio for this study as 10, 15, 20 and 25 with a number of turns 2. The curvature diameter is varied. The velocity of hot fluid flowing inside the inner tube is varied while, the mass flow rate of cold fluid flowing through the outer tube is kept constant as 0.512105Kg/sec. The primary motives for this work are to find out the optimum curvature ratio and Reynolds number to get the maximum heat transfer rate with minimum pumping power, which increases because of increase in number of turns for a coil. This, work incorporates computational analyses and their validation. In the present work, the objective is to find out the effect of providing various outer boundary conditions on thermal properties of flowing fluid, curvature ratio and Reynolds Number. From the present work it is noticed that Nusselt Number varies directly with the pitch of the helical coil for the constant height of the helical tube. The Optimum value of Reynold's number is increasing with an increase in curvature ratio for constant heat flux condition of the outer tube for both cross-sections
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-344-358
Vaibhavi Lakhani, Vraj Baxi User Authentication And Cryptography Using Brain Signals – A Systematic Review
Human brain cells communicate with each other through electrical impulses and this electric field is measured by an electroencephalogram (EEG). These signals are individually unique and non-trivial to collect and henceforth it has emerged as a powerful and most reliable amongst the other biometrics due to its profoundly unique nature, which makes it impracticable to steal or mimic. The brain waves or signals can be utilized as biometric authentication to provide a secure and robust data exchange. In this paper, analyzing the active portions and the various states of the human brain to generate the cryptographic keys from brainwave signals are reviewed to provide better security to the data. This review also facilitates the user-authenticating ability of an EEG-based person authentication (EBPA) system when clients are in a variety of brain states during performing mental tasks to login.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-359-368
Rushi Sheth, Keyur Brahmbhatt Geo-Tagging of Agricultural products using mobile application in remote areas
Geo-Tagging is a popular term in the market nowadays. Be it a blog post or a status update on social media, things are getting geotagged. If a person adds a new post on social media giants like Instagram, Facebook, Snapchat he enjoys features like adding location to the post which is an instance of Geo-Tagging. Geo-Tagging substantially means adding crucial geographical information like longitude, latitude, altitude to the metadata of photos, video files, audio, etc. In a country like India where agriculture accounts for about quarter of GDP and employs about 50% of Indian work force, the concept of geotagging can fulfill wide range of objectives. Various laboratories in India carry out a timely test on agriculture products to ensure quality, nutrition efficiency and pesticide residues, hence sample collectors go for collecting different agriculture products. However, to verify whether the samples are collected from the same place as claimed or not is quite difficult. In this paper one such solution is proposed which can be used by laboratories to carry out sample collection by capturing picture of sample in a mobile application, fetching latitude and longitude in background to geotag each sample, hence maintaining the authenticity of the sample.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-369-375
Prof. Jayna Donga, Prof. Priyank Bhojak, Prof. Kanu Patel, Dr.Vatsal Shah An Analysis of different Computer Science Algorithms with the Graph Theory of Mathematics
The field of mathematics plays an important role in different domains.one of the important concept of mathematics is the Graph theory which is most commonly used in area of computer science to design computer algorithms. The well-known problem in mathematics which represents graph theory is the Travelling salesman problem. The travelling sales man problem is the problem in graph theory needs to find optimal path (i.e. minimum total distance) to traverse all the cities with the constraint to returning back to the initial state (city). There is no general solutions available to solve this problem but there is similarity between the travelling sales man problem and minimum spanning tree.so, this problem can be implemented with the help of minimum spanning tree which also focus on finding minimum distance for each nodes with the constraint of not to form any cycle. In this paper we have presented few computer science algorithms which are implemented using graph theory of mathematics and also tried to analyze their differences and applications.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-376-383
Ms. Nilam Desai, Dr. Dharmendra Patel
Adulteration is proof of food quality deterioration with either adventitious or deliberate methods through the production of synthetic mixtures, by-products etc. Within a nation such as India, where the population is enormous, and where the buyer is not noticed, the display of corruption is hardly shocking. Everyday use, such as fruit, spices and milk, is seen as much as our dismissal defiled. Some manual procedures occur in everyday foodstuffs to detect adulteration. Yet human mistakes can make it unreliable. To make this process automatic, we are introducing a novel method to identify adulteration in Kashmiri chilli powder by its images. Here, we are considering adulteration as brick powder mixed chilli powder. We have used 100 pure red chilli powder images and 50 red chilli powder which has been mixed with bricks powder. To classify images, we have used logistic regression and got 82% accuracy in process implementation.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-384-391
B. H. Pithadiya, H. N. Parikh, H. N. Pandya,H. N. Kapse Low Cost Automatic Fire Alarm And Hazard Location Intimating System For Industrial Application
Burn tragedy is a significant hazard to human life and properties. Automatic fire alarm device allows for real-time tracking, monitoring and intimation. Once the fire happens, it gives early warning and helps to the fire loss. It is versatile security and alarm system which can be used by individuals, corporations or industrial establishments. The concept behind this project is to have a quick, easy, accurate and low-cost fire sensing and location-intimating device for users to get support in critical situations. The system can be positioned at any remote location that the consumer can quickly access with the aid of GSM technology. In this it is proposed that NodeMCU acquire signals from different sensors and control to manage communication with property owner. This is carried out by sending SMS immediately to owner in initial stage and to fire brigade in critical stage to resolve fire hazard. Different sensors incorporated within system are smoke, fire and flammable gas sensor. It helps to estimate specific threshold values in hazardous condition and alarms the buzzer accordingly. If in high emergency the system sends SMS consisting of the area and address location to the user / in charge person and fire brigade respectively.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-392-399
Anita Bhatt, Ghanshyam Vaghasiya Savan Chavda, Rumit Patel, Nimesh Metaliya
Robot path planning and executing multiple times that task has been focused in this paper. Path planning is a key task in the field of Robotics. This requires embedding intelligence into these robots for ensuring optimal solutions for task execution. The modeling environment and algorithm to find the shortest, collision-free path are the basic issues in the path planning problem of the robot motion planning. Robotic is now gaining a lot of space in our daily life, several areas of modern industrial automation, and cyber-physical applications. Planning a path in a static environment is easy compared to a dynamic environment where the obstacles are moving. There is a need to develop such an effective technique for path planning in a dynamic environment. Thus, a lot of research problems that pertain to robotic applications have arisen such as planning (path, motion, and mission), task allocation problems, navigation, tracking. In this paper, we focused on the path planning research problem and solution
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1932-2321-2021-160-400-406
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Safety Research :
Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality:
Statistic, Probability and Uncertainty :
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